Background: Although mumps meningitis is a common complication of mumps infection, information on mumps meningitis in the post-vaccine era is limited. The present study was performed to find factors associated with mumps meningitis and to discuss the effect of vaccination on this disease. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 119 patients (19 years) with mumps, diagnosed at a university hospital in Korea between 2003 and 2013. Patients were divided into with and without meningitis groups, i.e., meningitis (+) and (-) groups, respectively. The clinical features of the two groups were compared. Results: The median ages in the meningitis (+) and (–) groups were 15 years (19 patients) and 9.5 years (100 patients), respectively. There were no patients 12 years in the meningitis (+) group. Most patients included in this analysis (95.8%) were vaccinated at least once. The meningitis (+) group were older and had longer vaccination intervals, more frequent and prolonged fever, and lower blood white blood cell counts than the meningitis (–) group. Gender, vaccination status, parotitis involvement, serum C-reactive protein, sodium, amylase, and lipase were not different between the two groups. After adjustment for age, only fever (48.8% vs. 94.7%, P 0.01) and fever duration (median 3 days vs. 4 days, P 0.01) were different between the two groups. Conclusions: In the post-vaccine era, pediatricians should be aware of the possibility of mumps meningitis in cases of mumps in adolescents with prolonged fever. Vaccination may not be sufficiently effective in mumps meningitis beyond 12 years-old probably.